COMPARISON OF TRANSFORMATION EFFICIENCY OF RECIPROCATION INTO ROTATION OF THE INVENTION AND THE CRANK MECHANISM
According to the shown in figure designations in relation to the internal combustion engine the efficiency of force transfer from the piston 4 to the shaft 2 or on the contrary through a crank 1 and the rod 3 of the crank mechanism depends on angles α and β,
formed between the crank 1 and the rod 3, and between the rod 3 and a perpendicular to a direction of motion of the piston 4 accordingly. The maximal transfer of this force is in such phases of the shaft 2 rotation where these angles are right angles (90 degrees) and the direction of the rod 3 in space coincides with a direction of forth-back motion of the piston 4, and the crank 1 perpendicularly to the rod 3. However during rotation of the shaft 2 around the axis maximal transfer does not occur as when one of these angles becomes right angle, the second is not right angle. The maximal force transfer from the piston 4 to the shaft 2 or on the contrary occurs only in two certain phases of rotation of the shaft 2, taking place between dead points. And in dead points (when angle α=180
degrees, β=90 degrees) efficiency of force transfer is equal to zero. In other phases of the shaft 2 rotation efficiency of force transfer is between maximal and minimal values.
With increasing the length of the rod 3 relative to the length of the crank 1 angles angles α and β in certain phases of shaft 2 rotation approach to right angles, and efficiency of force transfer raises. Designating the top dead point as a zero phase of the shaft 2 rotation than at the infinite rate of the rod 3 length to the crank 1 length in phases of rotation of 90 and 270 degrees force is transferred completely (transfer efficiency it is equal 100 %), i.e. angles α and β are right angles.
This kind of the crank mechanism is taken as basic for comparison its transformation efficiency of reciprocal motion into rotary with invention. Relation of the efficiency of force transfer from the piston 4 to the shaft 2 or on the contrary with the phase of the shaft 2 rotation for this kind of crank mechanism is on the following diagram (the top dead point is designated as a zero phase of the shaft 2 rotation):
Filled with color figure is internal area of transformation efficiency lines, i.e. a figure reflecting efficiency (a figure of efficiency). As it follows from this diagram the force transfer from the piston 4 to the shaft 2 or on the contrary is maximal in two shaft 2 rotation phases, equal 90 and 270 degrees and is equal to zero in two other shaft rotation phases, equal 0 and 180 degrees (the top and bottom dead points).
At the ideal converter the force from the piston 4 to the shaft 2 (or on the contrary) is transfered completely (with efficiency of 100 %) in all phases of the shaft 2 rotation and the efficiency diagram of the ideal converter looks as completely filled with color circle with radius of 100 %. So, the more effectively converter transfers reciprocal motion into rotary, more area of an efficiency figure is filled with color and the form of this color filled figure is more approached to a circle. Therefore for comparison the transformation efficiency of recoprocal motion into rotary of inventions and crank mechanism it is necessary to calculate the areas of efficiency of each of color filled figures, and to compare these areas with each other.
The area of efficiency figure of the ideal converter of reciprocal motion into rotary with conditional radius of the diagram =1 (when 100 % on the diagram are designated as 1):
S=π
With designated radius =1 of the diagram the area of efficiency figure for crank mechanism:
S=π/2
Thus, crank mechanism has efficiency only 50 % from maximum possible for the such type motion converter mechanisms, and the ideal converter reciprocating into rotary surpasses in efficiency of crank mechanism on 100 %.
The force transfer efficiency from piston to shaft related to the phase of shaft rotation of the working demonstration sample of invention is shown on the following diagram:
As it follows from the diagram the color filled area - efficiency figure of the invention considerably exceeds the area of efficiency figure of the crank mechanism and is equal:
S=3π/4
The ratio of the areas of efficiency figures of the invention and crank mechanism:
(3π/4) / (π/2) = 1,5 times, i.e. 50%!
Thus, force transformation efficiency of reciprocating piston into rotary shaft motion of the working demonstration sample of the invention exceeds efficiency of crank mechanism at 50 %!
By respective alteration of shaped forms of cooperating elements of invention even greater efficiency of the invention can be reached, for example, such size of the area of efficiency figure:
S=11π/12
And a ratio of the areas of efficiency figures of the invention and the crank mechanism:
(11π/12) / (π/2) = 1,833 times !!
The theoretical capacity of the efficiency superiority of force transfer from the piston to shaft of the invention in relation to efficiency of the crank mechanism is 99,9 %.
Thus, in case of invention application in the engine of internal combustion instead of the crank mechanism the invention allows to transfer additional force from the piston to a rotating shaft, that leads to increase essentially power of the engine at the same fuel consumption, or to reduce volume of the cylinder, piston and combustible (gasoline) consumption essentially at the same power of the engine.
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